The man firmly believes that nature made all creatures for
the sake of humans and has the right to sacrifice the interests
of other species for satisfying even the most trivial human
curiosity.But the man-animal relationship was mutually
advantageous and, as a result of which they lead a
harmonious life in all stages of human development.To
prioritize the economic advantage of individuals, these ‘living
things’ are being commercialized, reproduced, or exploited,
and this means such treatment is sanctioned to handle them
as things.Animals are treated as private property, and
accordingly, people acquired some right over them. They even
subject them to various forms of physical and psychological
torture.However, moral principles exist in the society
demanding prevention of cruelties to animals. Hence, it is
essential to respect the demands of both the owner and
society. The State, as protector, is interested in conserving
natural resources, and in contrast, individuals are interested
in their claim of protecting economic advantage and
development. Hence there exists conflict between the
individual and public interests. The modern legal system offers
limited protection of right to life, and habitat only to human
beings, and by realising the multifaceted adverse impacts of
everyday deeds of man, a corresponding duty to protect the
natural environment is imposed on them. Even though, no
such equivalent protection acknowledged for the rest of the
species, the developments in the understanding and

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